short list of hallmarks of aging and ways to treat them 09-23-2014d1533

2014-09-23

Table of Hallmarks of Aging and Ways to Treat Them
"C:\ativ6_storage\projects\cnio\DR\2014\09-23-2014d1535\Table of Hallmarks of Aging and Ways to Treat Them.xlsx"

Which of these (below) would be the most important to combine?
Possible list
-TERT gene therapy
-young stem cell treatment
-overexpression of tumor suppressors
-remove senescent cells
-overexpression of chaperones
-inhibit NF-kappaB (to reduce non-specific inflammation)

-Genomic instability
--overexpression of BubR1, a mitotic checkpoint compo-nent that ensures accurate segregation of chromosomes, exhibit an increased protection against aneuploidy and cancer, as well as extended healthy lifespan
--inhibition of NF-kappa B signaling
-telomere attrition
--TERT gene therapy
-epigenetic alterations
--deletion of components of histone methylation complexes (for H3K4 and for K3K27) (in nematodes and flies) (Greer et al., 2010; Siebold et al.,
2010).
--overexpression of HP1-alpha extends longevity (flies) ((Larson et al.,
2012).)  HP1-alpha is involved in chromatin remodelling
--overexpression of SIRT genes (Guarente, 2011)
--specific miRNAs (flies and c. elegans (Liu et al., 2012; Shen et al., 2012; Smith-Vikos and
Slack, 2012))
-loss of proteostasis
--overexpress chaperones (Morrow et al., 2004; Walker and Lithgow, 2003)
--increased expression of the protea-some subunit RPN-6 (C. elegans)  (Vilchez et al., 2012).
-deregulated nutrient sensing
--rapamycin (Johnson et al., 2013)
--inhibit growth hormone receptor (Assessment of Growth Parameters and Life Span of GHR/BP Gene-Disrupted Mice
)
--overexpress Pten or underexpress PI3K (Foukas et al., 2013; Ortega-Molina et al., 2012).  These are metabolic genes
-mitochondrial dysfunction
--telomere and sirtuin treatments
--hormesis
--metformin (Cabreiro et al., 2013)
--resveratrol (Baur
et al., 2006; Feige et al., 2008; Lagouge et al., 2006; Minor et al.,
2011)
-cellular senescence
--removing senescent cells delays aging (Baker et al., 2011 (Clearance of p16Ink4a-positive senescent cells delays ageing-associated disorders
))
--enhancement of tumor suppressor pathways (Matheu et al., 2007, 2009),
-stem cell exhaustion
--transplantation of stem cells (Lavasani
et al., 2012)
--inhibit GTPase CDC42 (Florian et al., 2012)
-altered intercellular communication
--administration of anti-inflammatory agents such as aspirin (Rothwell et al., 2011; Strong et al., 2008)
--blood-borne systemic factor GDF11 treatment
--inhibition of NF-kappaB (Adler et al., 2007)
--GnRH treatment (Zhang et al., 2013)
--increase expression of SIRT1 (Xie et al., 2013)
--adjust intestinal bacteria (Claesson et al., 2012; Ottaviani et al., 2011)

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